Location and history The fame of the Temple of Artemis was known in the Renaissance, as demonstrated in this imagined portrayal of the temple in a 16th-century hand-colored engraving by Martin Heemskerck. I have set eyes on the wall of lofty Babylon on which is a road for chariots, and the statue of Zeus by the Alpheus, and the hanging gardens, and the colossus of the Sun, and the huge labour of the high pyramids, and the vast tomb of Mausolus but when I saw the house of Artemis that mounted to the clouds, those other marvels lost their brilliancy, and I said, 'Lo, apart from Olympus, the Sun never looked on aught so grand'. The next, greatest, and last form of the temple, funded by the Ephesians themselves, is described in Antipater of Sidon's list of the world's Seven Wonders: This version of the temple was destroyed in 356 BC by an arsonist. The project was funded by Croesus of Lydia, and took 10 years to complete. Its reconstruction, in more grandiose form, began around 550 BC, under Chersiphron, the Cretan architect, and his son Metagenes. In the 7th century BC, it was destroyed by a flood. Callimachus, in his Hymn to Artemis, attributed it to the Amazons. The earliest version of the temple (a Bronze Age temenos) antedated the Ionic immigration by many years. Only foundations and fragments of the last temple remain at the site. By 401 AD it had been ruined or destroyed. It was located in Ephesus (near the modern town of Selçuk in present-day Turkey).

The Temple of Artemis or Artemision ( Greek: Ἀρτεμίσιον Turkish: Artemis Tapınağı), also known as the Temple of Diana, was a Greek temple dedicated to an ancient, local form of the goddess Artemis (identified with Diana, a Roman goddess). The site of the temple in 2017 Timeline and map of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, including the Temple of Artemis This model of the Temple of Artemis, at Miniatürk Park, Istanbul, Turkey, attempts to recreate the probable appearance of the third temple.

For other shrines dedicated to Artemis, see Temple of Artemis (disambiguation).

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